ASTM D7189-12(R2020) pdf free download

ASTM D7189-12(R2020) pdf free download.Standard Test Method for Relative Mileage of News Ink on Newsprint
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the laboratory procedure for determining the relative mileage of news inks on newsprint. The test method utilizes a proofing press, analytical balance and a reflection densitometer. 1.2 This test method is intended for black oil-based news inks that dry by penetration (that is, letterpress or web offset) and for which a suitable reference standard is available. With appropriate optical instrumentation, it is also applicable to colored news inks. 1.3 This test method may also be used to determine the relative ink receptivity of test newsprints versus a reference standard. 1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter- mine the applicability ofregulatory limitations prior to use. 1.6 This international standard was developed in accor- dance with internationally recognized principles on standard- ization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom- mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 Ink mileage on a production press is of economic importance of the user of printing inks, the lower the mileage figure, the less ink is required to produce a job. This test method provides a procedure by which news inks can be assessed for mileage or newsprint stocks for ink receptivity in the laboratory. 5.2 Because of the many variables that exist among labora- tory and production presses, this test method is apt to yield more meaningful information when results are expressed on a relative rather than an absolute basis.
6. Apparatus
6.1 Laboratory Print Maker, preferably a motor driven printability tester capable of setting print pressure and having a readily removable printing plate that can be accommodated on an analytical balance. 6.2 Printing Plate, typically a solid-faced disk composed of aluminum, rubber-covered aluminum, or rubber-covered ny- lon. Resulting prints are about 3.5 to 5 cm wide and 20 cm (1 1 ⁄ 2 by 8 in.) long. 6.3 Analytical Balance—Accurate to 0 .0001 g with mini- mum 160 g capacity to accommodate the typical disc in 6.2. 6.4 Reflection Densitometer—Conforming to Test Method D7305. N OTE 1—The filter systems in typical densitometers are suitable only for use with black, white, and the three process colors (yellow, magenta and cyan). 6.5 Tongs or Rubber Gloves (without powder)—For han- dling the printing plate. 6.6 Ink Spatula—Small.
7. Materials
7.1 For measuring mileage of news inks. 7.1.1 Reference News Ink—Having a known mileage, to be used as the basis for rating the test news ink. 7.1.2 Newsprint—Cut to appropriate size appropriate to the print maker and consistent for printing side (felt or wire) and cut in machine direction. 7.1.3 Target reflection density specification. 7.1.4 Backing Material—For use while making reflection density measurements. Unprinted newsprint stock in sufficient thickness to guarantee 99 % opacity is the standard. Typically, six or more sheets are required to achieve the opacity require- ment. Other backing materials such as a matte black may be used by agreement between supplier and customer but this must be clearly noted in the report. 7.1.5 Clean-up Materials—Such as mineral spirits and lint- free rags or tissues.
8. Hazards
8.1 Warning—Since solvents may be hazardous to the skin and eyes, wear rubber gloves and safety glasses during cleanup to avoid solvent contact with skin and eyes. See suppliers Material Safety Data Sheets for further information on each solvent used.
9. Test Specimen
9.1 Less than one gram of news ink is sufficient to make the required 4 to 6 prints for a mileage or ink receptivity test. Before removing the ink specimen from a container, insert a spatula and hand stir thoroughly, taking care that air bubbles are not introduced. 9.2 For each mileage or ink receptivity test, prepare 6 newsprint specimens by cutting the paper to the size appropri- ate for the print maker; see guidelines in Table 1. The longer dimension should preferably be in the machine direction, which can be determined by Test Method D528. Determine the felt and wire side ofthe newsprint by Test Methods D5039 and mark on each specimen. Unless otherwise specified, the felt side will be the printing side. N OTE 2—When handling the test newsprint, be careful not to touch the surface with bare fingers, as localized changes in absorbency may result.